Palenquero and Spanish in Contact
Exploring the interface
| The Pennsylvania State University
Bilingual speakers are normally aware of what language they are speaking or hearing; there is, however, no widely accepted consensus on the degree of lexical and morphosyntactic similarity that defines the psycholinguistic threshold of distinct languages. This book focuses on the Afro-Colombian creole language Palenquero, spoken in bilingual contact with its historical lexifier, Spanish. Although sharing largely cognate lexicons, the languages are in general not mutually intelligible. For example, Palenquero exhibits no adjective-noun or verb-subject agreement, uses pre-verbal tense-mood-aspect particles, and exhibits unbounded clause-final negation. The present study represents a first attempt at mapping the psycholinguistic boundaries between Spanish and Palenquero from the speakers’ own perspective, including traditional native Palenquero speakers, adult heritage speakers, and young native Spanish speakers who are acquiring Palenquero as a second language. The latter group also provides insights into the possible cognitive cost of “de-activating” Spanish morphological agreement as well as the relative efficiency of pre-verbal vs. clause-final negation. In this study, corpus-based analyses are combined with an array of interactive experimental techniques, demonstrating that externally-imposed classifications do not always correspond to speakers’ own partitioning of language usage in their communities.
[Contact Language Library, 56] 2020. xvii, 318 pp.
Publishing status: Available
© John Benjamins
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
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xiii
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Key to glosses
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xv
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A note on the examples
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xvii
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Introduction
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1–8
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Chapter 1. The Palenquero language: History and scholarship
|
9–18
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Chapter 2. Palenque: Language revitalization and the evolving linguistic ecology
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19–33
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Chapter 3. A brief sketch of Palenquero grammar
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35–78
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Chapter 4. Palenquero-Spanish mixing: Previous observations and new data
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79–94
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Chapter 5. Palenqueros’ thoughts: Language identification tasks
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95–133
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Chapter 6. Palenqueros talk back: Interactive tasks
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135–166
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Chapter 7. Palenquero-Spanish mixing and models of language switching
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167–172
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Chapter 8. Palenquero as a second language: Data and analyses
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173–227
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Chapter 9. A window into Palenquero-Spanish bilingualism: Grammatical gender
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229–252
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Chapter 10. Conclusions
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253–257
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References
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259–278
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Appendix A. Samples of L2 learners’ written lengua ri Palenge
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279–289
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Appendix B. Examples of written Palenquero in the community
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291–307
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Appendix C. Palenquero consultants
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309–313
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Index
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315
|
References
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Subjects
BIC Subject: CF/2ZP – Linguistics/Pidgins & Creoles
BISAC Subject: LAN009000 – LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / General